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乡宁县是晋西吕梁山最南端的一个山区县。紧临黄河,十年九旱,山多川少,海拔400—1,800米。麦田面积21万亩,占总粮田面积的二分之一,总产却只占粮田的四分之一左右。麦田中98％是旱地,小麦生育期降水170毫米左右,只占全年降雨量的三分之一。小麦种在旱地,长在旱季,其产量长期以来未摆脱“低而不稳”的局面。据统计资料:五十年代到七十年代的30年间,小麦年平均亩产仅为81.4斤。最低的1966年亩产只有47斤,最高的1974年亩产139斤。 1980年以来,在县委领导下,实行生产责任制,我们总结早作农业经验,针对低产不稳的早、冻、薄、粗四个因素,从当前当地出发,抓住以土治水,以苗增穗,以磷促氮,品种对路,冬前壮苗等技术关键,
Xiangning County is the westernmost mountain of Luliangshan in Shanxi Province. Close to the Yellow River, nine drought in ten years, fewer mountains and more, 400-1,800 meters above sea level. 210000 acres of wheat fields, accounting for half of the total area of ?? grain, but only about one-quarter of the total grain output. 98% of the wheat field is dry land, and the precipitation of wheat during the growing season is about 170 mm, accounting for only one-third of the annual rainfall. Wheat is planted in the dry land and grows in the dry season, and its output has not escaped the “low and unstable” situation for a long time. According to statistics: In the 30 years from the 1950s to the 1970s, the annual average yield of wheat was only 81.4 kg. The lowest in 1966, only 47 kg per mu, the highest in 1974, 139 kg per mu. Since 1980, under the leadership of the county Party committee, we have implemented the responsibility system for production. We summarized the experiences of agriculture as early as possible and set forth the four factors of early, frozen, thin and crude with low production instability. From the current local conditions, By ear, phosphorus and nitrogen, variety on the road, seedlings and other technology before winter,