[目的]了解上海市杨浦区急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒病例发生特征,讨论干预方法。[方法]回顾性分析2008—2013年杨浦区医疗机构报告的384例急性CO中毒患者的中毒原因、发病年龄、性别、地点、时间等。[结果]该区急性CO中毒病例384例,死亡2例,其中女性230例(59.9%);中毒在冬、春季高发,且经常发生在晚上(20:00—24:00时);病例以15~45岁年龄段居多(57.0%);中毒原因主要为煤气热水器使用不当(54.7%)和人工煤气泄漏(28.9%);发病地点主要为家中(83.9%)和群租屋(10.9%);每起事件平均中毒人数为1.5人。[结论]在居民小区加强冬、春季室内通风,开展自救互救知识培训,经常对燃气器具和设备进行检查;生产企业加强作业场所通风排毒,安装燃气报警仪,规范操作;对餐饮工作人员、基础工程建设人员开展宣传教育;对自杀患者开展心理干预。 [Objective] To understand the characteristics of acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in Yangpu District, Shanghai and discuss the intervention methods. [Methods] A retrospective analysis of 384 cases of acute CO poisoning reported by medical institutions in Yangpu District from 2008 to 2013 was made according to the causes of poisoning, the age, sex, location, time and so on. [Results] There were 384 cases of acute CO poisoning in this area, with 2 deaths, of which 230 were women (59.9%). The incidence of poisoning was high in winter and spring and often occurred in the evening (20: 00-24: 00) (57.0%) in the age group of 15-45 years. The main causes of poisoning were improper use of gas water heater (54.7%) and artificial gas leakage (28.9%); the incidence was mainly at home (83.9%) and group tenancy (10.9% ; The average number of poisonings per incident was 1.5. [Conclusion] The indoor and outdoor ventilation in winter and spring were strengthened in residential quarters and the training of self-help and mutual-aid knowledge was carried out. The gas appliances and equipment were often inspected. The production enterprises strengthened ventilation and detoxification of workplaces, installed gas alarms and standardized operations. Basic project construction personnel to carry out publicity and education; to carry out psychological intervention suicide patients.