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业已在1500多名血清阴性的健康者中对1型人类免疫缺陷症病毒（HIV-1）候选疫苗的安全性和免疫原性进行了研究。对HIV-1包膜蛋白gp160和gp120的研究最为广泛。对插入HIV-1包膜（env）基因的活病毒载体构建物痘苗病毒亦进行了研究。HIV-1候选疫苗的耐受性良好,无急性或长期的严重毒性。肌肉注射多剂gp120疫苗能诱生中和抗体、淋巴细胞增殖应答和抗HIV-1 CD4细胞毒性T细胞（CTL）活性。免疫接种痘苗-env构建物后再用包膜蛋白加强一次,亦能诱生中和抗体和抗HIV-1 CTL活性[Ⅰ类主要组织相容性复合物（MHC）限制性CD8细胞]。迄今,已发现接种者的血清能在体外中和实验室适应的HIV-1株,但不能中和原始分离株。
The safety and immunogenicity of a candidate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine has been studied in more than 1,500 seronegative healthy individuals. The most extensively studied HIV-1 envelope proteins gp160 and gp120. Vaccinia virus, a live virus vector construct inserted into the HIV-1 envelope (env) gene, was also studied. The HIV-1 vaccine candidate is well tolerated and has no acute or long-term serious toxicity. Intramuscular injections of multi-dose gp120 vaccine induced neutralizing antibodies, lymphocyte proliferative responses and anti-HIV-1 CD4 cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) activity. Immunization of vaccinia-env constructs followed by an envelope protein boost also induced neutralizing antibodies and anti-HIV-1 CTL activity [class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restricted CD8 cells]. Hitherto, it has been found that the sera of vaccinates can neutralize the laboratory-adapted HIV-1 strain in vitro, but can not neutralize the original isolate.