不同的水稻品种对外界低温胁迫的反应不同,弄清水稻的耐冷机制对水稻的生产至关重要。位于云南红河州元阳梯田的地方水稻品种经过长期的驯化,其产量不随着当地海拔的升高而发生变化,具有很好的生态适应性。本研究拟以元阳传统水稻品种“月亮古”为材料,研究其受到不同的低温胁迫时的响应机制。研究表明,以常温(28℃(06:00—18:00)/25℃(18:00—06:00))为对照,对该水稻品种采用低温1(20℃(06:00—18:00)/12℃(18:00—06:00))和低温2(18℃(06:00—18:00)/5℃(18:00—06:00))处理后,抗氧化酶系统活性如过氧化物酶(POD)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)均出现一定程度的升高,只是低温2处理后,保护酶升高和降低的程度要更剧烈。花粉育性检测证实,在传统品种受到低温1的处理时,其花粉育性受到的影响很小,而低温2处理后,花粉育性受到的影响很大;同时,叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm的测定显示适当的低温处理对该传统品种的影响较小,而剧烈的低温处理对该传统品种的影响很大。试验结果表明传统水稻品种对温和的温度梯度变化具备很好的适应性。 Different rice varieties respond differently to low temperature stress, clarifying that the mechanism of cold tolerance in rice is crucial to rice production. After long-term domestication, the local rice varieties located in Yuanyang terrace in Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province, whose yield did not change with the elevation of the local elevation, had good ecological adaptability. In this study, Yuanyang traditional rice varieties “Moon Ancient” were used as materials to study the response mechanism under different low temperature stress. The results showed that the rice cultivars were treated with low temperature 1 (20 ℃ (06: 00-18: 00), normal temperature (18: 00-18: 00) / 25 ℃ After treatment with 18 ℃ (06: 00-18: 00) / 5 ℃ (18: 00-06: 00) at 12 ℃ (18: 00-06: 00) Activities such as peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed a certain degree of increase, only the low temperature 2 treatment, the degree of protection enzyme increased and decreased To be more intense. Pollen fertility test confirmed that the pollen fertility of the traditional varieties treated with low temperature 1 was little affected, while the pollen fertility was greatly affected by the treatment of low temperature 2; at the same time, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv / Fm The measurements showed that the appropriate low temperature treatment had less effect on the traditional variety, whereas the violent low temperature treatment had a significant effect on the traditional variety. The experimental results show that the traditional rice varieties have good adaptability to mild temperature gradient changes.