美国半导体制造技术联盟(Sematech)堪称行业与政府合作的典范。从所有迹象来看,20世纪80年代中期的美国半导体行业都处在岌岌可危的局面,日本则取得行业领先地位。然而,到了90年代初期,局面发生扭转。原因有几个方面:1986年的贸易协定逐渐削弱日本的竞争力、日本经济发生衰退、美国公 The American Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology Alliance (Sematech) is a model for industry and government cooperation. In all indications, the US semiconductor industry in the mid-1980s was in a precarious position with Japan taking the lead in the industry. However, by the early 1990s the situation had reversed. There are several reasons: the 1986 trade agreement gradually weakened Japan’s competitiveness, the Japanese economy downturn, the United States public