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目的了解表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）在子宫内膜细胞分化及发育中的作用。方法采用免疫组织化学及逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴＰＣＲ）技术测定５８例正常子宫内膜（３２例增生期，２６例分泌期）与２６例早孕蜕膜。结果ＥＧＦＲ存在于正常子宫内膜、早孕蜕膜腺体及间质细胞的细胞膜、核膜及胞浆内，分布均匀。ＥＧＦＲ还位于早孕蜕膜腺体及间质细胞核内。正常子宫内膜ＥＧＦＲ的表达，腺体部分高于间质部分（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＥＧＦＲ在增生期及分泌期子宫内膜腺体的表达差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），但ＥＧＦＲ在早孕蜕膜组织中的表达明显高于增生期及分泌期（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＥＧＦＲ在间质细胞的表达，早孕蜕膜高于分泌期内膜，而增生期内膜则表达最低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＥＧＦＲｍＲＮＡ的表达从弱到强依次为增生期、分泌期、蜕膜、滋养细胞，增生期与分泌期比较，差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），早孕蜕膜较分泌期及增生期明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），滋养细胞ＥＧＦＲｍＲＮＡ的表达明显高于增生期、分泌期及早孕蜕膜（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ＥＧＦＲ存在于各期子宫内膜中，其表达在正常月经周期中无明显变化，但在早孕蜕膜、滋养细胞中的表达明显高于增生期及分泌期内膜
Objective To investigate the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the differentiation and development of endometrial cells. Methods 58 cases of normal endometrium (32 cases of hyperplasia and 26 cases of secretory phase) and 26 cases of decidua in early pregnancy were determined by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Results EGFR existed in the normal endometrium, decidual glands and interstitial cells in the cell membrane, nuclear membrane and cytoplasm. EGFR is also located in early pregnancy decidual glands and stromal nuclei. The expression of EGFR in normal endometrium was higher than that in the stroma (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of EGFR in proliferative and secretory endometrial glands (P> 0.05) However, the expression of EGFR in early decidual tissue was significantly higher than that in proliferative and secretory phase (P <0.05). The expression of EGFR in stromal cells was higher in early pregnancy than in secretory endometrium and lowest in proliferative endometrium (P <0.05). The expression of EGFRmRNA from weak to strong followed by proliferative phase, secretory phase, decidua, trophoblast cells, proliferative phase and secretory phase showed no significant difference (P> 0.05) (P <0.05). The expression of EGFR mRNA in trophoblast cells was significantly higher than that in proliferative phase, secretory phase and decidua (P <0.05). Conclusion EGFR is present in all stages of endometrium and its expression has no significant change in normal menstrual cycle. However, the expression of EGFR in decidua and trophoblast cells in early pregnancy is significantly higher than that in proliferative and secretory endometrium