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目的了解临床分离病原菌的种类分布及对抗菌药物的耐药情况,为合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用纸片扩散法(K-B法)对我院临床分离的菌株进行药敏试验,根据CLSI2007年标准判定药敏结果,用WHONET5.4软件进行数据分析。结果 2008年1月～2010年6月我院共分离出病原菌916株,其中革兰阴性杆菌507株占55.4%,革兰阳性球菌361株占39.4%;真菌48株占5.2%。铜绿假单胞菌和表皮色葡萄球菌分别占革兰阴性杆菌和革兰阳性球菌的首位。铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌呈多药耐药且对亚胺培南耐药率上升明显。产ESBL-s菌株的耐药率明显高于非产ESBL-s菌株。结论临床分离的病原菌对抗菌药物耐药情况非常严重,临床医师应重视病原学检查和细菌耐药性检测,合理选用抗菌药物。
Objective To understand the distribution of pathogens in clinical isolates and their resistance to antimicrobial agents, so as to provide basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods The susceptibility test was carried out on the isolates of clinical isolates in our hospital by the method of disk diffusion (K-B method). According to the results of CLSI2007, the data were analyzed by WHONET5.4 software. Results A total of 916 pathogens were isolated in our hospital from January 2008 to June 2010, of which 507 strains were Gram-negative bacilli, 55.4% were Gram-positive bacteria, 361 strains were Gram-positive cocci, and 41 strains were fungi, accounting for 5.2%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis accounted for the first place of Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were multi-drug resistant and the resistance rates to imipenem were significantly increased. Drug-resistant strains of ESBL-s strains were significantly higher than non-ESBL-s strains. Conclusion The clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria have a very serious resistance to antimicrobial agents. Clinicians should pay attention to the etiological examination and bacterial resistance testing, and select rational antibacterial drugs.