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美国法律人类学家萨莉·法尔克·穆尔(Sally Falk Moore)在1973年发表的一篇论文中提出,人们可以从理论上假设一系列可能性:社会领域的完全自治,半自治或完全缺乏自治(即完全的统制)状态。很明显,如果说在当今世界上完全自治和完全统制存在的话,那也是很罕见的,而各种不同种类和不同程度的半自治状态才是一种常态。既然主权国家的法律在形式上是有不同层别的,那么从法律角度看,在当代政制之内没有任何一个社会领域是绝对自治的。绝对统制也是难以想象的,因为即使在军队、监狱和其他规则运行(rule-run)的机构中,通常仍然会有某种带有一定自治性的隐秘生活。〔1〕
In a 1973 paper, Sally Falk Moore, a US legal anthropologist, argued that one could theoretically assume a range of possibilities: complete autonomy, semi-autonomy or There is a total lack of autonomy (that is, complete control). Obviously, it is also very rare if there is complete autonomy and total control in the world today, and the semi-autonomous states of different kinds and degrees are the norm. Since the laws of sovereign countries have different levels of formality, from a legal point of view, none of the social areas in contemporary political system is absolutely autonomous. Absolute control is also unimaginable, because even in the military, prisons and other rule-run institutions, there is usually still some kind of secluded life with certain autonomy. 〔1〕