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目的了解新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗首针及时接种免疫效果,为预防控制乙型肝炎在儿童中的流行提供科学依据。方法通过对某市疾控中心预防接种门诊570名散居新生儿童出生后按免疫程序0、1、6月进行乙肝疫苗预防接种3针次,全程接种完毕6月后进行乙肝疫苗的免疫效果检测分析。结果乙肝疫苗接种率100.00%,全程接种率100.00%,抗-HBs阳性率95.09%,首针及时接种率96.84%,首针及时接种抗-HBs阳性率96.20%。结论全程及时接种乙肝疫苗是预防和控制新生儿乙型肝炎传播的最经济、最有效的预防措施,且新生儿出生后24 h内及时接种乙肝疫苗可获得最佳免疫效果。
Objective To understand the timely immunization effect of hepatitis B vaccine in neonates and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hepatitis B in children. Methods A total of 570 newly diagnosed diaspora inpatients in CDC vaccination center of a city were immunized with 0, 1 and 6 months after immunization. The immunization effect of hepatitis B vaccine was detected and analyzed after 3 months . Results The vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine was 100.00%, the whole vaccination rate was 100.00%, the positive rate of anti-HBs was 95.09%, the first vaccination rate was 96.84%, and the positive rate of anti-HBs was 96.20%. Conclusions Hepatitis B vaccine is the most economical and effective preventive measure to prevent and control the spread of hepatitis B in newborns. And the best immune effect can be obtained when the newborn is vaccinated within 24 hours after birth.