应用组织化学、透射电镜和原子吸收光谱分析等方法,研究了铜在日本沼虾各主要器官和组织中的分布和积累情况。结果表明,在铜离子浓度为0.08 mg.L-1的溶液中暴露10 d后的日本沼虾肝胰脏内,具有大量的电子密度较高的铜颗粒,主要分布在肝胰脏的肝小管和R细胞中,在血腔中有从R细胞排出的铜颗粒;电镜观察发现铜主要分布在细胞内的溶酶体中,少量颗粒吸附在滑面内质网上;这些铜颗粒通过积聚,在细胞顶端逐渐增多,从而出现外排现象。中肠细胞内也分布有铜颗粒,细胞质出现空泡化,线粒体内嵴部分解体,并有铜颗粒附着在线粒体上。在触角腺中分布有少量的铜颗粒,触角腺细胞内的铜颗粒主要分布于溶酶体中,内质网出现弯曲。原子吸收光谱分析结果表明,肝胰脏中铜的含量最高,达到546.39 mg.kg-1,肝胰脏有储藏铜元素的功能。 The distribution and accumulation of copper in various organs and tissues of Macrobrachium nipponense were studied by histochemistry, transmission electron microscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that there was a large amount of copper particles with high electron density in the hepatopancreas of Macrobrachium nipponense for 10 days after exposure to a solution containing 0.08 mg.L-1 of copper ions, which mainly distributed in the hepatocytes of hepatopancreas And R cells, there were copper particles excreted from R cells in the blood cavity. Electron microscopy showed that copper was mainly distributed in intracellular lysosomes and a small amount of particles were adsorbed on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. These copper particles accumulated Gradual increase in the top of the cell, resulting in efflux phenomenon. Midgut cells are also distributed within the copper particles, cytoplasm vacuolization, mitochondrial crista part of the disintegration, and copper particles attached to the mitochondria. In the antennal gland distribution of a small amount of copper particles, glandular cells within the tentacles gland mainly distributed in lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum appears bent. Atomic absorption spectrometry results showed that the content of copper in hepatopancreas was the highest, reaching 546.39 mg.kg-1, and hepatopancreas had the function of storing copper.