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利用ＲＡＰＤ分子标记技术，对我国目前２５个主要玉米自交系进行亲缘关系类群划分。本项研究建立了从玉米种子、幼芽以及叶片组织中提取微量ＤＮＡ的方法。从ＲＡＰＤ引物试验盒Ａ至Ｏ共计３００个引物中，筛选出对玉米扩增产物具有多态性的引物４０个，其中具有特别明显多态性的引物１０个。它们是Ｆ３、Ｏ２０、Ａ１９、Ｍ２、Ｍ６、Ｎ１１、Ｎ１２、Ｎ１９、Ｃ７和Ｇ１４等。依据１０个引物扩增谱带建立０，１型数据，计算２５个自交系间遗传距离，并进行聚类分析。结果表明：供试的２５个自交系共可划分为５个类群。Ⅰ类为四平头血缘系统：包括黄早四、吉８５３、黄野四、四自四、１９６、８１５１５、４０４、Ｈ２１等共８个；Ⅱ类为瑞德黄马齿血缘系统：包括４７８、４８８、３１８９、７９２２、８１１２、Ｂ尖８、５００５等共７个自交系：Ⅲ类为兰卡斯特血缘系统：包括Ｍｏ１７、早４９、多２２等共３个；Ⅳ类为旅大红骨血缘系统：只有Ｅ２８一个自交系；Ⅴ类共有Ｐ７８、９５０２、１７８、Ｐ１３８、００７、Ｐ１７等６个自交系。这一类群都是由杂交种Ｐ７８５９９后代选系而来，与美国另外两个类群瑞德黄马齿系统和兰卡斯特系统关系较远，它们之间选配的杂交组合大多具有较强的杂交优势。?
Using RAPD molecular marker technology, we classified the 25 major maize inbred lines in China. This study established a method for extracting trace DNA from corn seeds, shoots and leaf tissue. A total of 300 primers from RAPD primers A to O were screened out, of which 40 were polymorphic to the amplification product of maize, among which 10 were highly polymorphic. They are F3, O20, A19, M2, M6, N11, N12, N19, C7 and G14 and the like. Based on the amplified bands of 10 primers, type 0 and type 1 data were calculated and the genetic distances among 25 inbred lines were calculated and clustered. The results showed that 25 inbred lines could be divided into 5 groups. Ⅰ type of four flat blood system: including Huang Zaishao, Ji 853, Huang Ye four, four since four, 196,81515,404, H21 and a total of eight; Class II Reid yellow dentine blood system: including 478, 488,3189,7922,8112 B tip 8,5005 and so a total of 7 inbred lines: Ⅲ class Lancaster blood system: including Mo17, as early as 49, more than 22, a total of three; Ⅳ class Luda big bone Blood system: only one E28 inbred line; Ⅴ shared 6 inbred lines such as P78, 9502, 178, P138, 007 and P17. This group are from the hybrids P78599 progeny selected from the system, and the United States two other groups Reid yellow denture system and the relationship between Lancaster system, the hybrid between them are mostly optional Hybrid advantage. ?