在全世界范围内,能源的价格越来越高,据有关资料报导.与十年前比较,煤与石油的单价都翻了一翻以上。因此,从热力学角度看,进行用能及转能装置的科学设计是当前节能中一件大事。究竟什么办法才能实现系统的最佳设计呢?据认为是从热力学第二定律出发,全面计算,评价及分析系统中每一物流及每一能流的做功潜力。也就通常所说的有效能分析。这种分析的目的在于尽可能减少过程的不可逆性。这种分析研究在美、日、德及其它一些发达的工业国家里,已取得可喜的成绩。近几年来,我国引进的不少设备与装置 Energy prices are getting higher and higher worldwide, according to the sources, unit prices of coal and oil have more than doubled since a decade ago. Therefore, from a thermodynamic point of view, the scientific design of energy-using and energy-transforming devices is a major issue in current energy conservation. What is the best way to achieve the optimal design of the system? It is believed that starting from the second law of thermodynamics, it comprehensively calculates, evaluates and analyzes the potential of each energy flow in the system. Also known as the effective analysis. The purpose of this analysis is to minimize the irreversibility of the process. This kind of analysis has made gratifying achievements in the United States, Japan, Germany and other developed industrial nations. In recent years, many equipment and devices introduced in our country