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目的分析北京市门头沟区2010—2016年狂犬病暴露病例监测资料,评价预防处置效果,为预防和控制狂犬病提供依据。方法根据《北京市人狂犬病管理技术规范》要求,收集北京市门头沟区狂犬病门诊登记资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010—2016年北京市门头沟区报告狂犬病暴露病例20 481例,暴露率为949.95/10万。暴露病例的致伤地点以北京市门头沟区为主,占89.76%;时间分布2010—2016年暴露病例数略有下降,分布有明显的季节性,呈夏季高发特点;以青少年暴露率最高,暴露率以<10岁年龄段最高,为1 671.08/10万,其次为10~<20岁年龄段。病例以在职人员最多,占病例总数的28.79%。伤人动物最多的是犬,占85.87%。Ⅲ级暴露者占26.43%,狂犬病被动免疫制剂应用率为66.67%。结论北京市门头沟区狂犬病防控形势严峻,对青少年危害大,狂犬病防制工作仍有待加强。
Objective To analyze the surveillance data of rabies exposure cases in Mentougou District of Beijing from 2010 to 2016, evaluate the effect of prevention and treatment, and provide evidences for the prevention and control of rabies. Methods According to the requirements of Beijing Municipality for the Management of Rabies, the registration data of rabies clinics in Mentougou District of Beijing were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 20 481 cases of rabies exposure were reported in Mentougou District of Beijing from 2010 to 2016, with an exposure rate of 949.95 / 100 000. The number of exposed cases was mainly in Mentougou District, accounting for 89.76% of the cases. The time distribution of 2010-2016 slightly decreased the number of cases with obvious seasonal distribution, showing the characteristics of summer high; the highest rate of exposure to adolescents The rate of <10-year-old was the highest, which was 1 671.08 / 100,000, followed by 10 ~ <20. The largest number of cases in service, accounting for 28.79% of the total number of cases. Wounding dogs are the most, accounting for 85.87%. Ⅲ grade exposure accounted for 26.43%, rabies passive immunization application rate was 66.67%. Conclusion The situation of rabies prevention and control in Mentougou District of Beijing is severe, which has a great harm to young people and prevention and control of rabies remains to be strengthened.