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目的探讨老年肌力操对老年人全身肌肉力量的改善效应。方法抽取保定市区的两个社区,随机确定一个为实验组,另一个为对照组。采用简单随机抽样方法分别从各社区抽取老年人80人为研究对象。首先进行问卷调查和身体机能测试,对实验组老年人进行为期6个月的老年肌力操训练干预,而对照组不进行干预。6个月后再次对研究对象进行问卷调查及身体机能测试。结果干预前,实验组和对照组全身肌量、推定骨量、握力、30 s反复坐起次数、10米直线走时间、修订版跌倒效能量表与Berg平衡量表得分,尿失禁、便秘及跌倒发生率等指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,实验组和对照组全身肌肉量分别为(38.67±3.74)kg和(37.17±3.31)kg,推定骨量分别为(2.36±0.29)kg和(2.26±0.23)kg,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组和对照组握力分别是(22.19±6.14)kg和(19.62±5.99)kg,30 s反复坐起分别为(16.00±2.50)次和(13.49±3.54)次,10米直线走分别为(9.32±1.63)s和(11.65±1.88)s,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组和对照组修订版跌倒效能量表得分分别为(8.62±1.30)分和(7.92±1.74)分,两组比较差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Berg平衡量表得分分别为(53.76±2.94)分和(53.49±2.63)分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组老年人尿失禁发生率分别为40.0%和73.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而便秘发生率分别为13.3%和19.2%,跌倒发生率分别为2.7%和7.7%,二者差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年肌力操的训练增加了肌肉质量,提高了肌肉力量,改善了身体机能,在老年人肌力减退的二级预防中作用明显。
Objective To investigate the effect of aging aerobics on the general muscle strength of the elderly. Methods Two communities in Baoding city were sampled and randomly selected as experimental group and control group. A simple random sampling method was used to select 80 elderly people from all communities as the research object. First of all, questionnaires and physical function tests were conducted, the elderly group of experimental group for a period of 6 months old aerobics training intervention, while the control group without intervention. After 6 months, the subjects were again surveyed and the body function test. Results Before the intervention, the body mass, estimated bone mass, grip strength, repeated sitting times of 30 seconds, straight walking time of 10 meters, modified fall performance scale and Berg balance scale score, urinary incontinence, constipation The incidence of falls and other indicators, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). After intervention, the body mass of the experimental group and the control group were (38.67 ± 3.74) kg and (37.17 ± 3.31) kg respectively, and the estimated bone mass was (2.36 ± 0.29) kg and (2.26 ± 0.23) kg respectively All were statistically significant (P <0.05). The grip strength of the experimental group and the control group were (22.19 ± 6.14) kg and (19.62 ± 5.99) kg, respectively. The repeated sittings at 30 s were (16.00 ± 2.50) and (13.49 ± 3.54) times, respectively. 9.32 ± 1.63) s and (11.65 ± 1.88) s respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The scores of modified fall performance scale in experimental group and control group were (8.62 ± 1.30) points and (7.92 ± 1.74) points, respectively. The differences between the two groups were also statistically significant (P <0.05). Berg balance scale score was (53.76 ± 2.94) points and (53.49 ± 2.63) points, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The incidences of urinary incontinence in the two groups were 40.0% and 73.1%, respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.05). The incidences of constipation were 13.3% and 19.2%, and the incidence of falls were 2.7% and 7.7% respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The training of aged aerobics increased muscle mass, increased muscle strength, improved body function, and played an obvious role in secondary prevention of muscle weakness in the elderly.