支气管淋巴结结核和喘息型支气管炎均为常见病,但其鉴别诊断往往被忽视,对支气管淋巴结结核不进行合理的规律的抗结核治疗,特别是误诊为喘息型支气管炎而滥用激素,可促使支气管淋巴结结核反复发作,病情加重。可发生淋巴结支气管瘘,也可发展为粟粒型肺结核和结核性脑膜炎。因此,对喘息型支气管炎的病例,必须注意与支气管淋巴结结核相鉴别。误诊病例例一,某男,2岁9月,近一年半来,间歇性发热、咳嗽,气喘反复发作,查体可听到双肺哮鸣音和湿性罗音,X线 Bronchial lymph node tuberculosis and wheezing bronchitis are common, but the differential diagnosis is often overlooked, bronchial lymph node tuberculosis is not a reasonable regular anti-TB treatment, especially misdiagnosed asthmatic bronchitis and abuse of hormones, can promote the bronchus Lymph node tuberculosis recurrent, exacerbations. Lymph node bronchial fistula can occur, but also the development of miliary tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis. Therefore, asthmatic bronchitis cases, must pay attention to bronchial lymph node tuberculosis phase identification. Cases of Misdiagnosis First, a man, 2 years old in September, nearly a year and a half, intermittent fever, cough, asthma recurrent examination can be heard lung wheeze and wet lung rales, X ray