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明代中后期的军事制度主要是省镇营兵制,其指挥系统包括文臣、武将及镇守内臣。河南省镇营兵制指挥系统文臣设置方面,只有巡抚一职而并无总督。宣德年间,开始派驻河南巡抚,在正统、成化年间逐渐掌管河南军政大权,成为凌驾于三司之上的军、政官员。巡抚之下是守、巡、兵备道一级的官员,分守道是布政司的派出官员,分巡道是按察司的派出官员,兵备道一般多由分巡、分守等官员兼任,他们的主要职责是协调卫与府(或副、参与有司)军政分立的问题。武将方面,河南常设之武将为守备一级。守备级别不高,不仅听督抚、同时也受各道及厅级官员节制。明代中后期,河南守备武将数量并不多,大概维持在五个左右。从文臣和武将的设置及河南营兵制发展情况看,有明一代河南的作战与防御任务相对不重,其省镇营兵制的发展不如九边完备。
The military system in the middle and late Ming Dynasty is mainly the military battalion system in the provincial town, and its command system includes Wenchen, military commanders and ministers. In Henan Province, the military command and control system of the town brigade set up, only the governor and no governor. Xuande years, began to be stationed in Henan governor, in the orthodox, Chenghua years gradually in charge of the military and political power in Henan, becoming above the three divisions of the military and political officials. Under the governor is the guard, patrols, soldiers prepare a level of officials, sub-channel is the Chief Secretary of the sent officials, sub-patrolling is the prosecutors sent officials, Bingxuedao generally more by sub-tour, sub-officials and other officials, Their main responsibility is to coordinate the issue of separation of military and government between the government and the government (or vice-presidents, and participating divisions). Generals, Henan standing generals for garrison level. The garrison level is not high, not only to listen to the governor, but also by the various departments and departmental officials restraint. Mid and late Ming Dynasty, Henan garrison number is not much, probably maintained at around five. According to the establishment of Wen-min and generals and the development of Ying-ching barracks in Henan, there is a relatively undemanding task of fighting and defensive operations in Henan in the Ming and Qing dynasties.