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第二讲人类染色体与染色体疾病一、人类染色体数目与形态特征染色体是遗传物质的载体,每一物种都有它特定的染色体数目和形态结构,并累代保持相对稳定。而且每一生物个体的染色体都是“成对”的,称为二倍体。成对的染色体称为同源染色体,同源染色体的大小,形态和遗传组成上都彼此相似。人类的体细胞染色体是二倍体,以2n表示,23对46条,即2n=46。在精子和卵子形成过程中,由于减数分裂,染色体数
Lecture 2 Human Chromosomes and Chromosomal Diseases I. Number and Morphological Characteristics of Human Chromosomes Chromosomes are the carriers of genetic material. Each species has its own specific chromosome number and morphological structure, and is relatively stable over time. And each organism chromosomes are “paired”, called diploid. Pairs of chromosomes called homologous chromosomes, homologous chromosome size, shape and genetic composition are similar to each other. Human somatic chromosomes are diploid, represented by 2n, 23 pairs of 46, that is, 2n = 46. In the process of sperm and egg formation, due to meiosis, chromosome number