为了解居民病伤死亡原因及其动态变化,本文将马鞍山市1974～1976年、1990～1992年居民病伤死亡原因回顾性调查结果作对比分析。这两次调查均是在省肿瘤防治办公室的指导下,按照全国统一部署、统一方案要求分别完成了城区、效区三年共87.33万和128.48万人口的调查任务,调查死亡人数3 551人和5 256人,分别相当于公安机关掌握的三年累计死亡 In order to understand the cause of death and its dynamic changes in residents, this article will make a comparative analysis of the results of retrospective investigation of the causes of death from 1974 to 1976 and 1990 to 1992 in Maanshan City. These two investigations were conducted under the guidance of the Provincial Cancer Prevention and Control Office, and completed investigations of 873,300 people and 1,284,800 people in the urban areas and the effectiveness areas in accordance with the national unified deployment and unified plan requirements. The investigation of the death toll was 3,551 and 5 256 persons, equivalent to three years of cumulative deaths held by public security agencies