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近年来,随着人工呼吸器、高压氧及氧疗法的广泛使用,氧中毒渐见增多。氧毒性可涉及许多器官如肺、中枢神经系统、眼、睾丸等。由于肺的氧张力显著高于其它器官,故氧对肺的毒性尤为突出,当吸入氧的分压仅0.75～2.0绝对大气压(ATA)时,肺部已可出现毒性反应,为此,肺的损害最值得注意。病理改变与发生机理肺性氧中毒时,呼吸道的改变除胸膜腔有血性液体渗出外,主要表现:①气道结构的改变有肺不张、肺泡内白细胞、红细胞及吞噬细胞积聚,肺泡壁透明膜形成(常见于氧中毒后存活较久的病人)等;②血管床的改变包括充
In recent years, with the widespread use of respirators, hyperbaric oxygen and oxygen therapy, oxygen poisoning gradually increased. Oxygen toxicity can involve many organs such as lungs, central nervous system, eye, testis and the like. Oxygen is particularly toxic to the lungs because oxygen tension in the lungs is significantly higher than that of other organs. Toxicity may have developed in the lungs when the partial pressure of inhaled oxygen is only 0.75 to 2.0 atm (ATA) Damage is the most noteworthy. Pathological changes and the mechanism of pulmonary oxygen toxicity, respiratory changes in addition to bloody pleural effusion, the main manifestations: ① changes in airway structure atelectasis, alveolar white blood cells, red blood cells and phagocytes accumulation, alveolar wall Transparent film formation (common in patients with oxygen poisoning survive longer), etc .; changes in vascular beds include filling