罗兰·巴特一声“作者死了”给人们带来的良好后果之一,就是让人们越来越怀疑作品对作者的绝对皈依关系,并日益注意到文本自身的独立品格。这是文学自身发展的结果,它为创作技巧的探讨打开了崭新的领域。小说作为叙事文体由谁来完成?当然是作者。但最直接地操纵小说文本的并不是作者,而是一个虚幻的“纸上生命”——说话人,“说话人不是(生活中)写作的人,写作的人也不是存在的人”(巴特语),从作者到文本存在着一个中介体——叙述者,他维系着作者与作品的关系,操纵着具体文本的叙述过 One of Roland Barthes’ s “author’s death” has one of the good things people have to do is to make people increasingly doubt the absolute conversion of the work to the author and pay more and more attention to the independent character of the text itself. This is the result of the development of literature itself, which opened up entirely new fields for the exploration of creative skills. Who is the novel as a narrative style? Of course, is the author. But the most direct manipulation of the text of the novel is not the author, but an illusory “life on paper” - the speaker, “the speaker is not the person who writes, and the person who writes is not the person who exists” (Bart Language), there is an intermediary - narrator from the author to the text, which maintains the relationship between the author and the work, manipulates the narration of the specific text