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中国现代考古学自诞生之日起便承担起了重建中国上古史的重任,这与当时的时代背景密不可分。1911年,辛亥革命爆发,中华民国成立。孙中山提出“五族共和”的主张~①,这一以汉族为主体、融合各民族的架构在很大程度上是传统的大一统思想的继承和发扬。自大一统思想产生起,追述上古圣王一统天下的黄金盛世就是维护其合理性的有效手段。新生民国的领导者和知识精英继承了这种方式。黄帝是中华民族共祖的观念被大力宣扬~②。正当此时,新文化运动蓬勃而起。以顾颉刚为首的“古史辨派”提出“古史是层累地造成的,发生的次序和排列的系统恰是一个反背”的论断,
Since its birth, Chinese modern archeology has assumed the important task of rebuilding China’s ancient history, which is closely related to the background of the time. In 1911, the Revolution of 1911 broke out and the Republic of China was founded. Sun Yat-sen put forward the proposition of “five ethnic republics.” ① This framework of integrating the ethnic groups with Han as the main body is to a large extent the inheritance and development of the traditional unification thoughts. Since the emergence of the unified monocracy, the pursuit of the golden age of the ancient holy monarchy in the world is an effective means of safeguarding its rationality. The New Frontier leaders and intellectual elite inherited this approach. The idea that the Yellow Emperor is a common ancestor of the Chinese nation is strongly publicized. At this juncture, the new cultural movement is booming. Gu Jie Gang headed by “ancient history sent to send ” proposed “ancient history is caused by layers, the order and arrangement of the system is just an anti-back” thesis,