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国际法的渊源是国际法学界经常探讨和争论的国际法上的一个基本而又非常重要的问题,对于其定义,学者们有多种见解,笔者综合各家之言之后,认为国际法渊源可以简单地表述为国际法规范表现的形式或形成的过程、程序。而在近当代国际法的司法实践中,国际条约和国际习惯是国际法渊源的重要组成部分。虽然二者都是非常重要的国际法渊源,但是它们之间还是存在很明显的区别的,有学者将国际法渊源中的国际条约等同于国际习惯,这是不正确的。笔者为了探究二者的关系,厘清国际条约与国际习惯的异同,分别对国际条约与国际习惯的表现形式、形成方式、效力范围、证明来源、国内适用、二者的相互转化等六个方面,论述了二者的关系问题,目的在于通过分析二者的关系,来澄清国际法适用上的一些基本问题。
The origin of international law is a basic and very important issue in international law which is often discussed and argued by international jurisprudence. For its definition, scholars have many kinds of opinions. After synthesizing various statements, the author thinks that the sources of international law can be simply described as Form or formation of process or procedure of international law. However, in the judicial practice of contemporary international law, international treaties and international customs are important components of the origin of international law. Although both are very important sources of international law, there is a clear distinction between them. Some scholars have equated international treaties in the sources of international law with international conventions. This is not correct. In order to explore the relationship between the two and clarify the similarities and differences between international treaties and international conventions, the author analyzes six aspects of manifestations of international treaties and international conventions, such as forms, scopes of effectiveness, sources of proof, domestic applicability and mutual transformation between the two. Discusses the relationship between the two, with the purpose of clarifying some basic problems in the application of international law by analyzing the relationship between the two.