西方学术界在二十世纪下半叶出现的“后现代的转向”,是指西方社会的学者和文人对自启蒙运动以来,尤其是十七世纪之后所形成的诸如“科学”、“理性”、“机械论”、“人类中心论”等主流意识进行反思和批判的一股文化思潮。这一文化思潮来势凶猛,它从解构现代社会的价值观入手,以“超越现代社会存在的个人主义、人类中心论、父权制、机械化、经济主义、消费主义、民族主义和军国主义”(大卫·格里芬《后现代科学》,中央编译出版社1995年,第15页)为目 The “postmodern turn” in the western academic circles in the second half of the twentieth century means that scholars and literati in the Western society have always taken the view that since the Enlightenment, especially after the seventeenth century, such as “science” and “rationality” , “Mechanics”, “anthropocentrism” and other mainstream awareness of reflection and criticism of a cultural trend of thought. Starting with the deconstruction of the values ​​of modern society, this cultural trend of thinking is characterized by “individualism, anthropocentrism, patriarchy, mechanization, economicism, consumerism, nationalism and militarism that transcend modern society” (David Griffin, “Postmodern Science,” Central Compilation and Translation Press, 1995, p. 15)