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【目的】探讨入侵杂草薇甘菊Mikania micrantha的利用价值,及其在棕榈害虫二疣犀甲Oryctes rhinoceros生态防控中的应用前景。【方法】采用浸渍法和室内饲喂法,研究了薇甘菊甲醇提取物对二疣犀甲取食量、卵孵化、化蛹、羽化及幼虫发育等的影响。【结果】薇甘菊提取物对二疣犀甲具有很好的生长发育调节活性。拒食活性研究结果表明,在不同供试浓度下,其对二疣犀甲3龄幼虫均表现拒食活性,且拒食率与处理浓度呈正相关。薇甘菊提取物处理二疣犀甲的卵后,孵化率明显降低,且孵化期延长,10mg/mL提取物处理后孵化率仅达66.66%,孵化期比对照延迟3d,同时初孵幼虫死亡率也高达40.43%。采用添加薇甘菊提取物的饲料饲喂1龄幼虫后,幼虫体重增长减缓,在处理浓度为10和5mg/g时,处理后90d体重增加量分别为3.83g和4.53g,而对照组体重增加量达到6.87g。薇甘菊提取物处理老熟幼虫后,对其化蛹具有抑制作用,造成化蛹率降低,化蛹时间延长及蛹的畸形。经薇甘菊提取物处理二疣犀甲蛹后,成虫羽化率降低,羽化时间明显延长,且畸形成虫数量增加,主要表现为翅无法正常伸展、虫体瘦小、无法正常爬行等。【结论】薇甘菊具有开发为生物源昆虫生长调节剂、并在二疣犀甲防控中应用的潜力。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to explore the value of Mikania micrantha, an invasive weed species, and its potential application in the ecological control of Oryctes rhinoceros. 【Method】 The effects of methanol extract of Mikania micrantha on feeding amount, egg hatching, pupation, emergence and larval development of two warts were studied by immersion method and indoor feeding method. [Result] Mikania micrantha extract had good growth and developmental regulation activity on two warts rhinoceros. The results of antifeedant activity showed that antifeedant activity showed antifeedant activity against the 3rd instar larvae of two verruca rhizomes at different test concentrations, and the antifeedant rate was positively correlated with the treatment concentration. After treatment with Mikania micrantha eggs, the hatching rate was significantly decreased and the hatching period was prolonged. The hatching rate of the extracts treated with 10 mg / mL of extract was only 66.66%, and the hatching period was delayed by 3 days. The mortality of newly hatched larvae was also Up to 40.43%. After 1st instar larvae were fed with Mikania micrantha extract, the weight gain of larvae slowed down. At the concentrations of 10 and 5 mg / g, the weight gain of 90 days after treatment was 3.83g and 4.53g, while the weight gain of the control group Reached 6.87g. Mikania extract treatment of mature larvae, the pupation of its inhibitory effect, resulting in decreased pupation rate, pupation time and pupa deformity. After treated by Mikania micrantha, two adult verruca rhynchophis pupae decreased their emergence rate and emergence time, and increased the number of deformed adults. The results showed that the wings could not extend normally, and the parasites were thin and unable to crawl normally. 【Conclusion】 Mikania micrantha has the potential to be used as bio-source insect growth regulator and its application in prevention and control of two warts.