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目的探讨提高儿童入托入学预防接种证查验率和疫苗补种率的有效方法。方法在山东省宁阳县2014年儿童入托入学接种证查验活动中,实施加强部门合作、提早行动、简化查验程序等新措施;分析2013~2015年入托入学儿童预防接种补种情况和免疫规划(EPI)针对传染病发病情况。结果实施新措施后儿童入托入学接种证查验覆盖率由2013年的78.17%提高到2015年的100%,疫苗补种率由23.25%提高到89.19%,疫苗全程接种率由76.07%提高到97.99%,儿童需补种率由38.93%降至18.60%;4种常见EPI针对传染病(百日咳、麻疹、风疹、流行性腮腺炎)总发病率由1 220.75/10万降低到67.94/10万。结论新措施显著提高了宁阳县入托入学儿童预防接种证查验的效果以及EPI疫苗接种率,降低了托幼机构和中小学校的常见EPI针对疾病的发病率。
Objective To explore an effective way to improve the examination rate of vaccination certificate and the vaccination rate of children vaccinated on admission. Methods In 2014, Ningyang County, Shandong Province, children’s enrollment admission card examination activities, the implementation of strengthening departmental cooperation, early action, to simplify the inspection procedures and other new measures; analysis of 2013 ~ 2015 enrollment children immunization coverage and immunization programs EPI) for the incidence of infectious diseases. Results After the implementation of the new measures, the examination coverage rate of vaccination certificates for children admitted to nurseries increased from 78.17% in 2013 to 100% in 2015, the vaccination rate increased from 23.25% to 89.19%, and the vaccination coverage increased from 76.07% to 97.99% , The rate of children needing replacement fell from 38.93% to 18.60%. The total incidence of 4 common EPIs against infectious diseases (pertussis, measles, rubella and mumps) decreased from 12 220.75 / 100,000 to 67.94 / 100,000. Conclusion The new measures significantly improve the effect of vaccination certificate for vaccination of children enrolled in Ningyang County and the EPI vaccination rate, and reduce the incidence of common EPI in kindergartens and primary and secondary schools.