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目的:探讨哌甲酯(methylphenidate，MPH)缓释片对注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder，ADHD)儿童睡眠特征的影响。方法:纳入23例ADHD儿童作为MPH组，予持续处方可变剂量的哌甲酯缓释片，并分别于基线、治疗2周和治疗6周进行3次整夜多导睡眠监测(polysomnogram，PSG)。同时招募相匹配的正常儿童21例作为对照组进行PSG。采用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析，根据资料类型分别采用均数±标准差，均数(四分位数)[n M(n P25，n P75)]和百分比进行统计描述，对睡眠参数间的比较采用配对n t检验或方差分析。n 结果:与对照组比较，基线时MPH组儿童睡眠效率[SE(%)]降低[(86.7±12.4)%，(90.9±7.5)%]、睡眠潜伏期(SOL)延长[(21.1±12.4)min，(18.1±13.0)min]、REM潜伏期(ROL)缩短[(145.2±35.2)min，(155.6±57.7)min]，均差异有统计学意义(均n P0.05)。n 结论:ADHD儿童存在睡眠效率降低、入睡困难及REM潜伏期缩短；MPH对ADHD儿童的睡眠，在前2周具有一定的负面影响，恶化ADHD儿童患者本身的睡眠问题。当持续治疗6周后，MPH对睡眠的影响逐渐好转。“,”Objective:To explore the effect of methylphenidate (MPH) sustained-release tablets on the sleep characteristics of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods:A total of 23 children with ADHD were included in the MPH group, and treated with sustained variable doses of methylphenidate sustained-release tablets, and overnight polysomnograms (PSG) were performed at baseline, 2 weeks of treatment, and 6 weeks of treatment.At the same time, 21 matched normal children were recruited as control group for PSG.SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis, and the mean ± standard deviation, n M(n P25, n P75) and percentage were used for statistical description according to the type of data.Paired n t test or analysis of variance was used for comparison of sleep parameters.n Results:At baseline, children in MPH group had lower sleep efficiency (SE (%)) ((86.7±12.4)%, (90.9±7.5)%), longer sleep latency (SOL) ((21.1±12.4) min, (18.1 ±13.0) min), shorter rapid eye movement onset latency (ROL) ((145.2±35.2)min, (155.6±57.7)min), and the differences were statistically significant (all n P 0.05).n Conclusion:Children with ADHD present lower sleep efficiency, more difficulty to fall asleep, and shortened REM latency.MPH has a certain negative effect on the sleep of ADHD children in the first 2 weeks, which worsens the sleep problems of ADHD children.After 6 weeks of continuous treatment, the effect of MPH on sleep gradually improved.