一、前言铝材用于汽车已有六十年历史。二十年代初,由英国设计师波默洛伊(L.H.Pomeroy)设计并在美国制造了名为“波默洛伊1923”的试制型轿车,它的载重的底盘是大体积的铝铸件,车身和轮子也是铝制的,该汽车的重量约是普通汽车的三分之二,行驶了十年约二十万英里。但是,七十年代以前的石油价格比较便宜,美国、日本和西欧对石油消耗毫无节制,因此对于减轻汽车重量节约能源未能引起足 I. Introduction Aluminum is used in automobiles for sixty years. In the early 1920s, the British designer Pomeroy (LHPomeroy) designed and manufactured in the United States called “Pomeroy 1923” trial-type sedan, its load-bearing chassis is a large volume of aluminum castings, body And the wheel is made of aluminum, the car weighs about two-thirds of ordinary cars, traveling about 200,000 miles ten years. However, the prices of oil before the 1970s were relatively cheap, and the United States, Japan and Western Europe had no control over the oil consumption, thus saving enough energy for reducing the weight of cars failed to cause enough