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【目的】为研制开发适合无土育苗和栽培的优质、价廉的本土化有机基质提供技术支持。【方法】试验利用玉米芯和菇渣的混合材料,以不加微生物菌剂为对照,研究粗纤维高效降解菌剂和酵素菌对玉米芯和菇渣混合物的堆肥发酵腐熟效果,以及对发酵过程中理化性质动态变化的影响。【结果】添加2种发酵菌剂对基质发酵腐熟的时间无影响,EM酵素菌可提高发酵中后期堆体温度;发酵结束时3个处理下的基质容重、总孔隙度,通气孔隙、大小孔隙比均符合栽培基质要求,但基质容重偏轻、pH偏高和EC值高于理想值。3个处理中以粗纤维降解菌处理的基质理化性质和GI值优于对照和EM菌处理。【结论】发酵基质使用时应与其它基质复配,可形成理化性质均良好的基质;2种发酵菌剂中以粗纤维降解菌剂处理下玉米芯和菇渣混合物堆肥发酵效果优于酵素菌处理和CK。
【Objective】 To provide technical support for the research and development of high quality and inexpensive native organic matrix suitable for soilless culture and cultivation. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted on the composting of corn cob and mushroom residue with the mixture of corn cob and mushroom residue, without microbial inoculum, In the physical and chemical properties of the dynamic changes. 【Result】 The results showed that the addition of two kinds of fermentation agents had no effect on the maturation time of the substrate fermentation. The temperature of the reactor during fermentation increased with the enzyme EM enzyme. The bulk density, total porosity, aeration pore, The results were in line with the requirements of the cultivation medium, but the matrix weight is light, high pH and EC values higher than the ideal value. The physicochemical properties and GI value of the crude fiber-degrading bacteria were better than those of the control and EM bacteria in the three treatments. 【Conclusion】 Fermentation matrix should be used with other matrix to form matrix with good physical and chemical properties. Fermentation efficiency of the corn cob and mushroom residue mixture is better than that of the ferment bacteria Processing and CK.