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目的通过了解佛冈县疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的监测情况,分析AEFI发生的原因,为提高预防接种服务质量提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对佛冈县疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统报告的100例AEFI病例数据进行分析。结果在报告的100例AEFI中,共接种疫苗810460剂次,发生率为12.34/10万,其中一般反应发生率为9.75/10万(占79.00%);异常反应发生率为1.97/10万(16.00%);偶合症发生率为0.62/10万(占5.00%);其中23价肺炎疫苗的AEFI发生率最高(52.26/10万);AEFI年龄分布主要集中在0~1岁组,占报告病例的71.00%,报告以发热、红肿、硬结等一般反应为主,占总病例的76.00%。结论佛冈县的AEFI以一般反应为主,未发生严重异常反应,说明疫苗接种是安全的,但由于疫苗本身特性、环境和受种个体等因素的影响,疑似预防接种异常反应仍然不可避免。
Objective To understand the causes of AEFI and to provide evidence for improving the quality of vaccination services by understanding the surveillance of AEFI in Fogang County. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze 100 cases of AEFI reported by the information system of suspected abnormal vaccination response in Fogang County. Results A total of 810460 doses of AEFI were reported in the reported cases, with an incidence rate of 12.34 / 100 000, of which 9.75 / 100 000 (79.00%) were common reactions and 1.97 / 100 000 16.00%). The incidence of coupling syndrome was 0.62 / 100000 (accounting for 5.00%). Among them, the 23-valent pneumonia vaccine had the highest AEFI incidence rate (52.26 / 100000); the AEFI age distribution mainly concentrated in the 0-1-year-old group 71.00% of the cases, the report with fever, swelling, induration and other general response, accounting for 76.00% of the total cases. Conclusions The AEFI in Fogang County is dominated by general reaction and no serious abnormal reaction occurs. It indicates that vaccination is safe, but due to the nature of the vaccine itself, the environment and affected individuals, the suspected abnormal response to vaccination is still unavoidable.