沃勒斯坦区分了技术现代性和人类解放的现代性,认为西方现代性批判运动以技术之恶为借口意欲终结整个现代性,这种做法实质上罔顾了它的内在价值。沃勒斯坦重估并肯定了现代性的价值,这对于我们反思现代性批判思潮和坚定走社会主义现代化道路具有重大的理论启示意义。但是,他基于主观主义方法论立场不可能为人类解放的现代性找到真正的出路。马克思的“世界历史”观以其现实的历史性原则,不但实现了对主观主义方法论的批判,而且也实现了对技术现代性之恶的真正终结。 Wallerstein distinguishes the modernity of technology from the modernity of human liberation. He believes that Western critique of modernity, with the evil of technology, intends to end the entire modernity, which essentially ignores its intrinsic value. Wallerstein reevaluated and affirmed the value of modernity, which is of great theoretical enlightenment for us to reflect on the critical trend of modernity and firmly follow the road of socialist modernization. However, based on his methodological subjectivism, he can not find a real solution to the modernity of human liberation. Marx’s “history of the world” view has not only realized the critique of the subjectivism methodology but also the real end of the evil of technological modernity with its historic principle of reality.