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目的探讨产前胎儿超声诊断小下颌畸形的检查技巧、超声表现及临床意义。方法对超声检查发现小下颌畸形的胎儿,仔细测量下颌骨长度,并与双顶径进行比较,测量颜面部角度,三维表面重建成像协助明确诊断。结果产前超声共诊断小下颌畸形胎儿13例,下颌骨长度均明显小于1/2,颜面部角度均小于50°。5例胎儿进行染色体检查,3例确诊18三体,2例染色体未见明显异常。所有经产前超声诊断的病例均经引产后证实。结论产前二维超声结合三维可以明确诊断胎儿小下颌畸形。
Objective To investigate the diagnostic skills, sonographic features and clinical significance of prenatal fetal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of small mandibular deformity. Methods The fetus with small mandibular deformity was examined by ultrasound. The length of the mandible was carefully measured and compared with the biparietal diameter. The facial angle was measured. Three-dimensional surface reconstruction imaging was used to help confirm the diagnosis. Results Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of small mandibular malformation fetus in 13 cases, mandibular length were significantly less than 1/2, face angle less than 50 °. Five fetuses had a chromosomal test, three had a definite trisomy 18, and two had no obvious abnormalities. All cases of prenatal ultrasound confirmed by induction of labor. Conclusion prenatal two-dimensional ultrasound combined with three-dimensional diagnosis of small jaw deformity.