自1957年我国汤飞凡等用鸡胚分离培养沙眼病原体成功发表之后,国内外很多学者相继用此方法分离培养并进行了很多研究。国际上曾于1961、1966及1970年召开过三次沙眼研究会议,交流经验,促进了对沙眼的研究。自1959年至六十年代初期,在国外不同地区陆续报导用鸡胚分离培养沙眼及包涵体性结膜炎的病原体;随之对其形态、生活周期及药物敏感等进行了研究。六十年代中期则多转向沙眼免疫学的探讨,着重在实验制备注射用沙眼疫苗的工作。六十年代末期以至今日有关学者等多又趋向于基础免疫学及其分子生物学的研究等。随着研究的深入,对临床诊断、治疗及预防等方面也有一定的进展。当前沙眼在第三世界某些发展中国家仍然是广泛流行的,并且是损害视力及致盲的重要原因之一。兹 Since 1957, China Tang Feifan and other chlamydial pathogens isolated and cultured with chicken embryos successfully published, many scholars at home and abroad have been using this method to separate culture and conducted a lot of research. Internationally, trachoma research meetings were held three times in 1961, 1966 and 1970 to exchange experiences and promote the research on trachoma. From 1959 to the early 1960s, the pathogens of chlamydia and inclusion conjunctivitis were isolated and cultured in chicken embryos in different regions of the world. The morphology, life cycle and drug sensitivity were studied. In the mid-1960s, however, we turned to the study of trachoma immunology and focused on experimentally preparing the trachoma vaccine for injection. The late sixties and even today scholars and others tend to basic immunology and molecular biology research. With the deepening of research, there are some progresses in clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Trachoma is currently still widespread in some developing countries in the Third World and is one of the major causes of vision loss and blindness. Hereby