孟子的“保民而王”论 ,蕴涵着丰富的血缘情谊及与此相关的价值理念。对孟子这一思想的认知和把握 ,必须从语源学、孟子思想的内倾特征、历史文化语境、具体的王政措施等层面着眼 ,才能作出准确的把握和诠释。孟子上溯周公“怀保小民”和孔子“亲亲”仁爱的理念 ,并进一步将其引向心理体验的内在层面 ,以期藉情感的相互沟通与相互渗透 ,避免儒家社会政治主张在社会历史的“平夷化”过程中 ,被抽去丰富的情感内核 ,沦为空洞苍白的政治话语。“保民而王”具体地彰显了孟子的这一思维理路 Mencius’s theory of “protecting the people and the king” implies a wealth of kinship and the related values. To understand and grasp the thought of Mencius, we must take an etymological, ethnological, historical and cultural context of Mengzi, the specific measures of Wangzheng and so on, in order to make an accurate grasp and interpretation. Mencius goes back to Zhou’s concept of “protecting the people with peace” and Confucius “kissing” benevolence, and further leads it to the inner level of psychological experience in order to communicate and interpenetrate each other through emotions and avoid Confucianism’s social and political propositions in social history In the process of “flattening down”, it is deprived of a rich emotional core and becomes a pale and pale political discourse. “Protecting the people while the king” specifically demonstrates Mencius’s thinking on this road