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目的:通过对1～6岁托幼机构和社区儿童进行卡介苗瘢痕检查与结核菌素(PPD)试验结果分析,了解彭阳县城区学龄前儿童结核病自然感染情况及卡介苗接种质量,提高结核患者发现率。方法:调查彭阳县城区5所托儿所、幼儿园和2个社区的2 098名儿童,查验卡介苗接种后瘢痕形成,同时对调查对象注射结核菌素,观察硬结反应,分析与卡痕的关系。结果彭阳县城区学龄前儿童结核菌素反应阳性率72.55%,有卡痕者结核菌素试验阳性率明显高于无卡痕者(χ2=864.86,P<0.005);有卡介苗接种史者结核菌素试验阳性率明显高于无接种史者(χ2=118.74,P<0.005);各年龄组结核菌素试验阳性率,小年龄组高于大年龄组(χ2=355.19,P<0.01)。结论:彭阳县城区学龄前儿童结核菌的自然感染率为7.84%,接种卡介苗者PPD阳性率为75.82%,采用PPD试验有助于早期发现学龄前儿童结核病。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the natural infection of tuberculosis and the immunization of BCG among preschool children in Pengyang county through the analysis of BCG scar test and PPD test in 1 ~ 6 years nurseries and community-based children, and improve the detection of tuberculosis patients rate. Methods: A total of 2 098 children from 5 nurseries, kindergartens and 2 communities in Pengyang City were investigated. The scar formation after BCG vaccination was investigated. At the same time, the subjects were injected with tuberculin, the induration reaction was observed, and the relationship between them was analyzed. Results The positive rate of tuberculin in preschool children in Pengyang district was 72.55%. The positive rate of tuberculin test in those who had sign of keloid was significantly higher than those without sign of kicking (χ2 = 864.86, P <0.005) The positive rate of tuberculin test in all age groups was higher in younger age group than in older age group (χ2 = 355.19, P <0.01). Conclusion: The natural infection rate of TB in pre-school children in Pengyang County was 7.84%. The positive rate of PPD in BCG vaccination was 75.82%. Using PPD test could help early detection of tuberculosis in preschool children.