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沉积物的来源、粒度和矿物组成是影响重金属在动力沉积过程中的行为的最显著的因素，用某些参考元素（如Ａｌ、Ｌｉ等）归一化的目的是为了减小沉积物中重金属含量的波动，以揭示人文活动（例如污染）的影响。通过对国内一些河流沉积物中重金属的Ａｌ归一化结果的分析，认为在岩石的风化和变质过程中元素与Ａｌ的相对迁移能力的差异和各种生物过程均可使重金属的Ａｌ归一化值产生显著的变化，在某些情况下Ｍ／Ａｌ值并不一定能准确地描述人类活动对沉积物中重金属的影响。Ａｌ归一化仅能部分地校正粒度分布引起的重金属含量的变化，但不能消除矿物组成的影响。
The origin, grain size and mineral composition of sediments are the most significant factors affecting the heavy metals’ dynamic behavior during dynamic deposition. The purpose of normalization with some reference elements (such as Al, Li, etc.) is to reduce the concentration of heavy metals Fluctuations in content to reveal the impact of human activities (such as pollution). Through the analysis of Al normalization results of heavy metals in some river sediments in China, it is considered that the difference of the relative migration ability of elements and Al in weathering and metamorphism of rock and the various biological processes can normalize heavy metal Al The values have significant changes and in some cases the M / Al values do not necessarily accurately describe the effects of human activities on heavy metals in sediments. Al normalization can only partially correct the change of heavy metal content caused by particle size distribution, but it can not eliminate the influence of mineral composition.