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目的 探讨肺表面活性物质(PS)预防用药对预防早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)及改善早产儿预后的可行性。方法 我院胎龄≤32W的早产儿12例,于生后预防应用PS(预防组);同期确诊为RDS 17例应用呼吸机和PS(治疗组),比例两RDS发生率、呼吸机参数、并发症及预后。结果 预防组RDS发生3例,发生率为25％,低于我院同期收治的≤32W早产儿RDS发生率(43％);预防组RDS 3例均为Ⅱ期,治疗组Ⅲ期、Ⅳ为52.9％(9/17)。预防组上呼吸机所需压力明显低于治疗组,(P<0.05);肺炎、感染、颅内出血等合并症有下降趋势;未有气漏及BPD的发生。结论 PS预防用药可降低早产儿RDS发生率及减轻发病程度,减少呼吸机的应用,减少并发症,改善早产儿预后。
Objective To investigate the feasibility of preventing pulmonary surfactant (PS) prophylaxis in preventing respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and improving the prognosis of premature infants. Methods Twelve cases of preterm infants with gestational age≤32W were enrolled in this study. PS (prophylaxis group) was used in the prevention and treatment after birth. In the same period, 17 cases were diagnosed as RDS using ventilator and PS (treatment group) Complication and prognosis. Results In the prevention group, RDS occurred in 3 cases (25%), which was lower than the RDS incidence of premature infants ≤32W (43%) treated in our hospital. Three cases of RDS in prevention group were in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ 52.9% (9/17). The pressure needed for the ventilator in the prevention group was significantly lower than that in the treatment group (P <0.05). Complications such as pneumonia, infection and intracranial hemorrhage showed a decreasing trend. There were no air leaks and BPD. Conclusion PS prophylaxis can reduce the incidence of RDS and reduce the incidence of premature infants, reduce the use of ventilator, reduce complications and improve the prognosis of preterm children.