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在53具成人尸体上,对肾上腺静脉的腺内段和腺外段,以及与肾上腺静脉造影有关的静脉作了解剖学的形态观测。主要结果如下:左、右肾上腺静脉腺外段均为一支,左侧的恒定地汇入左肾静脉,右侧的以汇入下腔静脉为主(83.02±5.15％),少数汇入右付肝静脉。肾上腺静脉腺外段(自腺门至汇入处)的平均长度,左侧23.05±5.96(43.25～11.00)毫米,右侧8.73±5.13(18.5～5.50)毫米;平均外径,左侧4.99±0.82(7.10～3.25)毫米,右侧2.93±0.87(4.85～2.00)毫米。左肾上腺静脉与左肾静脉形成交角平均为117.35±11.95°(150～100°);右肾上腺静脉与下腔静脉形成交角平均为47.5±14.53°(75～30°)。测量了自股静脉(腹股沟韧带下缘)经髂外静脉、髂总静脉、下腔静脉至左、右肾上腺门处各段的长度,为肾上腺静脉插管造影提供参考数据。 肾上腺静脉腺内段的形态,可分为单支型、双支型及三支型。其中以单支型最多见(左侧86±4.91％,右侧50±7.07％),三支型仅见于右侧。 本文从解剖学的角度讨论了左右肾上腺静脉插管造影的难易问题。
In 53 adult cadavers, anatomical morphological observations of the inner and outer glands of the adrenal veins, as well as the veins associated with adrenal venography were performed. The main results are as follows: Left and right adrenal gland outer segment are one, the left side of the constant import of the left renal vein, the right to the import of inferior vena cava (83.02 ± 5.15%), a few into the right Pay the hepatic vein. The average length of the adrenal gland extrinsic segment (from the gland to the portal) was 23.05 ± 5.96 (43.25 to 11.00) mm on the left and 8.73 ± 5.13 (18.5 to 5.50) mm on the right, with an average outer diameter of 4.99 ± 0.82 (7.10-3.25) mm, right side 2.93 ± 0.87 (4.85-2.00) mm. The average angle between left adrenal vein and left renal vein was 117.35 ± 11.95 ° (150 ~ 100 °). The average angle between right adrenal vein and inferior vena cava was 47.5 ± 14.53 ° (75 ~ 30 °). The length of each segment from the femoral vein (lower edge of inguinal ligament) through the external iliac vein, common iliac vein and inferior vena cava to the left and right adrenal glands was measured to provide reference data for the adrenal vein catheterization. Adrenal gland within the segment of the form, can be divided into single branch, double branch and three branches. Among them, the single branch type was the most common (86 ± 4.91% on the left and 50 ± 7.07% on the right), and the three branches were only found on the right. This article discusses the difficulty of left and right adrenal vein catheterization from the anatomical point of view.