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目的:探讨高频超声对膝关节半月板急慢性损伤的诊断价值。方法:2014年9月至2016年5月选择膝关节半月板急慢性损伤患者56例作为观察组,同期选择健康志愿者56例作为对照组,两组都给予高频超声膝关节半月板检查,记录与观察膝关节滑膜厚度、髌上囊积液厚度及滑膜血流变化情况。结果:对照组的半月板表现为三角形,呈均匀的中等回声;观察组的半月板内出现光点、光条等强回声区,半月板明显突出于基线外侧。观察组中共有53例患者膝关节滑膜增厚,平均滑膜厚度为(6.24±2.19)mm;49例患者可观察到不同等级积液厚度,平均积液厚度为(7.34±1.44)mm;观察组中共有34例患者可探测到血流信号,其中Ⅰ级16例,Ⅱ级14例,Ⅲ级4例。对照组中无膝关节滑膜增厚与膝关节髌上囊积液患者,血流信号0级40例,Ⅰ级16例,两两对比差异都有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:高频超声在膝关节半月板急慢性损伤诊断中的应用可有效反映患者的滑膜厚度、髌上囊积液与骨膜内血流状况,在临床上有很好的诊断应用价值。
Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of high frequency ultrasound in acute and chronic knee joint meniscus injury. Methods: From September 2014 to May 2016, 56 patients with knee joint meniscus acute and chronic injury were selected as observation group and 56 healthy volunteers were selected as control group. Both groups were given high-frequency ultrasound knee meniscus examination, Record and observe the synovial thickness of the knee joint, the thickness of the suprapatellar bursa and the change of synovial blood flow. Results: In the control group, the meniscus showed a triangular shape with a uniform middle echogenicity. In the observation group, there was a strong echogenic zone such as light spot and light bar in the meniscus. The meniscus obviously protruded out of the baseline. A total of 53 patients in the observation group had thickening of the synovial membrane of the knee joint, with an average synovial thickness of (6.24 ± 2.19) mm. The thickness of different grades of effusion was observed in 49 patients, with a mean effusion thickness of (7.34 ± 1.44) mm. A total of 34 patients in the observation group were able to detect blood flow signals, including 16 cases of grade Ⅰ, 14 cases of grade Ⅱ and 4 cases of grade Ⅲ. In the control group, there were 40 cases of grade 0 and 16 cases of level Ⅰ, no difference between knee joint synovial thickening and knee joint suprapatellar bursa (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The application of high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute and chronic knee joint meniscus can effectively reflect the synovial thickness, suprapatellar effusion and intra-peritoneal blood flow, which has a good diagnostic value in clinic.