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异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis以成虫滞育越冬,越冬期间聚集行为尤为显著。为探讨异色瓢虫越冬聚集行为的适应意义,本研究利用便携式红外线CO2分析仪测定了6种聚集度(分别用1头、2头、5头、10头、20头和50头表示)下异色瓢虫越冬成虫的呼吸量,并通过呼吸量计算得到各聚集度下的呼吸速率(Respiration rate,Rr)和能量代谢速率(Metabolism rate,Rm)。结果表明:不同聚集度间异色瓢虫越冬成虫的呼吸速率和能量代谢速率均存在显著性差异,相关性分析表明Rr和Rm值与聚集度之间呈显著负相关。即随着聚集度的增加,越冬成虫的呼吸速率和能量代谢速率呈逐渐降低的趋势。此外,利用“Y”形嗅觉仪测定了异色瓢虫实验种群和越冬种群成虫对不同味源的选择趋性,表明异色瓢虫均对各自的群体表现出趋性,而其越冬聚集行为的发生需要一种特殊的气味物质。本研究表明聚集行为可以有效降低异色瓢虫的新陈代谢速率,减少能量消耗,有利于其种群成功越冬,这对其越冬来说具有非常重要的意义。
Harmonia axyridis, an adult diapause, overwintered, especially during winter. In order to explore the adaptive significance of C. elegans to the overwintering aggregation behavior, six types of aggregates (1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 respectively) were measured using a portable infrared CO2 analyzer The respiration rate (Rr) and the energy metabolism rate (Rm) of the adults of C. heterochina were calculated. The results showed that there was a significant difference in respiration rate and energy metabolism rate among overwintering adults of C. elegans at different aggregation degrees, and the correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between Rr and Rm values and the degree of aggregation. That is, as the degree of aggregation increases, the respiration rate and energy metabolism rate of overwintering adults gradually decrease. In addition, the “Y” shape olfactometer was used to determine the selection tropism of different genus of C. heterochocerpus and overwintering adult adults, which indicated that T. heteroptera showed a tendency toward each group, and its overwintering The occurrence of aggregation behavior requires a special odor material. This study shows that aggregation behavior can effectively reduce the metabolic rate of C. elegans, reduce energy consumption, is conducive to the success of its population wintering, which for its winter is of great significance.