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目的研究腰果壳油及其中银杏酸的灭螺作用,为腰果壳油的应用提供基础。方法腰果壳油经硅胶柱色谱分离,得银杏酸混合物,按WHO“杀螺剂实验室终筛方法”测定腰果壳油及其银杏酸混合物的灭螺作用。结果硅胶柱分离制得银杏酸混合物的纯度为89.32%,腰果壳油及其银杏酸混合物48h时对钉螺的LC50分别为0.831、0.523mg/L,LC90分别为2.180、1.439mg/L。腰果壳油药液和银杏酸混合物药液为2mg/L时钉螺的上爬率分别为16.7%和13.3%,≥4mg/L钉螺上爬率为0。结论腰果壳油具有较好的灭螺效果,银杏酸是其主要的灭螺活性成分,腰果壳油有望成为一种有广阔应用前景的植物灭螺药。
Objective To study the snail-killing effect of cashew nut shell liquid oil and ginkgolic acid, which provides the basis for the application of cashew nut shell liquid. Methods The cashew nut shell liquid was separated by silica gel column chromatography to obtain the mixture of ginkgolic acids. The snail action of the mixture of cashew nut shell liquid and its ginkgolic acid was determined according to the WHO “Test Method for Determinant of Spironolactone”. Results The purity of the mixture of ginkgolic acids was 89.32%. The LC50 of the mixture of cashew nut shell oil and ginkgolic acids was 0.831 and 0.523 mg / L, and the LC90 values were 2.180 and 1.439 mg / L, respectively. Climbing rates of snails were 16.7% and 13.3% when the liquid of cashew nut shell liquid and mixture of ginkgolic acid was 2mg / L, respectively, and climbing rate of snails ≥ 4mg / L was 0. Conclusions Cashew nut shell liquid has a good effect of eliminating molluscicides. Ginkgolic acid is the main active ingredient of molluscicidal liquid. Cashew nut shell liquid is expected to become a plant molluscicide with broad application prospects.