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“劳动(实践)”和“类本质”是马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的两个关键性的概念。本文试图运用文本分析、语义分析和逻辑分析相结合的方法,具体而深入地解读这对概念之间微妙而复杂的矛盾关联性,并以此为基点从一个侧面揭示出《手稿》哲学思想的要旨与精髓。本文最终将表明劳动与类本质概念在不同程度、不同意义上体现出了马克思拒斥形而上学的主体哲学、同时重建新型主体哲学的理论动机,而这一新型主体哲学的确立又为他的社会批判和社会革命学说构筑了成熟的哲学内核,奠定了坚实的理论根基。
“Labor (Practice)” and “Essence of Class” are two key concepts in Marx’s 1844 Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts. This paper tries to use the methods of text analysis, semantic analysis and logical analysis to interpret the subtle and complex contradictions and relationships between these concepts in a concrete and in-depth manner. From this point of view, this article reveals the philosophy of manuscript Purposes and essence. In the end, this article will show that the concept of labor and the essence of class reflects Marx’s theory of rejecting metaphysical subject philosophy in different degrees and different meanings while reconstructing the theoretical motivation of the new subjective philosophy. This new subjective philosophy establishes his own social critique And social revolution theory to build a mature philosophical kernel, laid a solid theoretical foundation.