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在对黄土高原植被进行分区的基础上,利用地理信息系统技术和景观生态学方法对黄土高原植被区空间数据和土壤侵蚀空间数据进行了空间叠加分析。结果表明,黄土高原被划分为森林植被区、森林草原植被区、温性草原植被区和荒漠半荒漠植被区。在森林植被区,黄土高原土壤侵蚀主要以水蚀为主,轻度以上的侵蚀百分比为41.92%,水蚀土壤侵蚀指数比温性草原植被区和荒漠半荒漠植被区的水蚀土壤侵蚀指数大,为346.90。在森林草原植被区,黄土高原土壤侵蚀主要以水蚀为主,轻度以上的侵蚀百分比为70.45%,水蚀土壤侵蚀指数均比其他植被区的水蚀土壤侵蚀指数大,为449.40,水蚀最为严重。在温性草原植被区,黄土高原土壤侵蚀主要以水-风混合侵蚀为主,风蚀微度-水蚀剧烈的百分比最大,为33.01%,水-风混合侵蚀土壤侵蚀指数均比其他植被区的水-风混合侵蚀土壤侵蚀指数大,为633.45,水-风混合侵蚀最为严重。在荒漠半荒漠植被区,黄土高原土壤侵蚀主要以风蚀为主,轻度以上的侵蚀百分比为99.65%,风蚀土壤侵蚀指数均比其他植被区的风蚀土壤侵蚀指数大,为589.78,风蚀最为严重。黄土高原的土壤侵蚀表现出明显的地带性分异规律。
Based on the zoning of the vegetation on the Loess Plateau, the spatial overlay analysis was carried out on the spatial data and the soil erosion data of the vegetation on the Loess Plateau using GIS and landscape ecology. The results show that the Loess Plateau is divided into forest vegetation area, forest grassland vegetation area, temperate grassland vegetation area and desert semi-desert vegetation area. In the forest vegetation area, the soil erosion in the Loess Plateau is mainly water erosion, with a slight erosion percentage of 41.92%. The water erosion soil erosion index is larger than the water erosion soil erosion index in the temperate grassland and desert semi-desert vegetation area, which is 346.90 . In the forest steppe vegetation area, the soil erosion in the Loess Plateau is mainly water erosion, with a slight erosion percentage of 70.45%. The water erosion soil erosion index is 449.40 higher than that of other vegetation areas, and the water erosion is the most serious. In temperate grassland vegetation area, the soil erosion in the Loess Plateau is dominated by water-wind mixed erosion. The micro-degree of wind erosion-the largest percentage of water erosion is 33.01%, and the soil erosion index of water-wind mixed erosion is higher than that of other vegetation areas The soil erosion index of mixed wind erosion is 633.45, and the water-wind mixed erosion is the most serious. In desert semi-desert vegetation area, the soil erosion in the Loess Plateau is mainly wind erosion, with the percentage of erosion above mildness being 99.65%. The erosion index of wind erosion is 589.78 more than that of other vegetation areas, and the wind erosion is the most serious. Soil erosion in the Loess Plateau showed obvious zonal variation.