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本文在研究测定试验系统的柔度K值时,提出了一种新的测定方法,即使了“位移测量杆”,采用弹性试样测量驱动位移量H或位移速度V_H,用负荷传感器测量负荷P或负荷增加速度P,应用K=V_H/P-l/(EF)或K=H/P-l/(EF_0)来算得。此法能在较大的速度范围内研究柔度的测定。对同一台试验机,在其油路系统中安装调速阀,使该机在等负荷增加速度,等驱动位移速度及变负荷增加速度和变驱动位移速度三种情况下测量K值,结果基本一致。从而得出:一个给定的试验系统,其柔度K基本上不因负荷速度的变化而改变。此法能测出柔度随负荷增加成非线性的变化规律。认为造成这种非线性变化的原因是系统中,除零件外,更主要的是其连接方式中的非线性因素。减少系统中零件的连接和提高连接件中的配合精度,减少连接方式中的非线性因素,能在较大的负荷范围内使柔度接近恒定。此法能测出任一负荷时的柔度值,因而当试样处于恶劣环境中,在难以安装引伸计的情况下,利用量测驱动位移及某一负荷所对应的柔度,使间接测量试样的变形成为可能。
In this paper, a new measurement method is proposed when measuring the flexibility K of the test system. Even if the “displacement measuring rod” is used, the elastic displacement of the sample H or the displacement velocity V_H is measured, and the load P Or the rate of increase of load P, calculated using K = V_H / Pl / (EF) or K = H / Pl / (EF_0). This method can be more flexible in the speed range of determination. For the same testing machine, the speed regulating valve is installed in the oil system to make the machine measure the K value under the condition of equal load increasing speed, driving displacement speed, variable load increasing speed and variable driving moving speed. The result is basically Consistent. It follows that for a given test system, the compliance K does not change substantially due to changes in load speed. This method can measure compliance with the load increases into a non-linear variation. The reason for this non-linear change is that in the system, besides the components, the main factor is the nonlinear factor in the connection mode. Reduce the connection of parts in the system and improve the fitting precision in the connecting piece, reduce the non-linear factor in the connection mode, and make the flexibility close to constant over a large load range. This method can be measured at any load flexibility values, so when the sample is in harsh environments, in the case of difficult to install extensometer, the use of measurement-driven displacement and a load corresponding to the flexibility of the indirect measurement test Like the deformation is possible.