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最初,旋转轴用油封是用皮革作材料,故又称皮碗。由于近代高分子有机材料迅速发展,开始采用在耐油、耐热、耐磨损、耐老化等方面都较皮革优越的高分子材料,如:丁腈橡胶、聚氨酯橡胶、氟橡胶、硅氟橡胶、乙丙橡胶以及含氟塑料等。随着机械工业产品进一步向高速、高压、高温、长寿命等方面发展,国内外许多部门都开展了转轴用油封新结构的设计研究,但也在工艺上改进以提高油封性能,如:为改进丁腈橡胶油封的使用寿命,采用幅照接枝的方法,将四氟乙烯单体接到丁腈橡胶制品的密封面上;用四氟乙硫或五氟化锑来处理密封表面;用聚四氟乙烯簿膜粘附于密封表面等。总之,经工艺处理使制品表面具有一层摩擦系数小、耐介质、耐老化的有机氟化物,同样可提高油封的工作性能和使用寿命。
Initially, the shaft seal is made of leather for oil, it is also known as leather bowls. Due to the rapid development of modern polymer materials, polymer materials that are superior to leather in terms of oil resistance, heat resistance, wear resistance and aging resistance, such as nitrile rubber, polyurethane rubber, fluororubber, silicone rubber, EPDM and fluorine-containing plastics. With the further development of machinery and industrial products to high-speed, high pressure, high temperature, long life and other aspects, many departments at home and abroad have carried out the design of the new structure of oil seal for shaft, but also improved in the process to improve the performance of oil seals, such as: Nitrile rubber seal life, the use of the method of grafting by grafting, the tetrafluoroethylene monomer is connected to the sealing surface of nitrile rubber products; with tetrafluoroethyl sulfide or antimony pentafluoride to deal with the sealing surface; Poly Tetrafluoroethylene film attached to the sealing surface and so on. In short, the process to make the product surface has a layer of friction coefficient, medium-resistant, anti-aging of the organic fluoride, the same can improve the performance of oil seals and service life.