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在解剖显微镜下放大6～40倍观察了110例成人和儿童脑的大脑中动脉及其分支。大脑中动脉主干左侧较右侧稍粗而长,其变异少见,仅见到1例左侧双干。大脑中动脉的分支形式可分三型:主干型,计28侧,占12.73±2.24％;双干型,计168侧,占76.37±2.86％;三干型,计24侧,占10.90±2.10％。双干型和三干型又可分为若干亚型。大脑中动脉各皮质支通常为1～2支,可单独发起或与邻近支合干。除颞极动脉细小外,其余支在大脑外侧裂处成人的平均外径均超过1毫米,角回动脉和颞后动脉较粗,分别为1.51±0.03毫米和1.46±0.03毫米。内侧穿动脉多为2～3支,较细,绝大多数起源于大脑中动脉主干(占96.80±0.64％),少数发自大脑中动脉分叉处、上干和皮质支。多数呈直角发起,直接穿入前穿质。外侧穿动脉多数也是2～3支,较内侧穿动脉粗大。同一个标本上血管的粗度比较一致,故粗大的“Charcot大脑出血动脉”在本文未获证实。外侧穿动脉起源于大脑中动脉主干和分叉处者超过半数,在手术处理大脑中动脉瘤时应予注意,以免误伤。外侧穿动脉通常呈锐角发起,与主干逆行,先向内上方,再弯向外上方行达前穿质。
The anatomy of the magnification of 6 to 40 times observed 110 cases of adults and children’s brain in the middle cerebral artery and its branches. On the left side of the trunk of the middle cerebral artery, the left side is slightly thicker and longer than the right side. Its variation is rare, and only one case of double left stem is seen. There are three types of branches in the middle cerebral artery: trunk type, 28 sides, accounting for 12.73 ± 2.24%; double stem type, accounting for 168.37 ± 2.86%; three stem types, 24 sides accounting for 10.90 ± 2.10 %. Double dry and dry three types can be divided into several subtypes. The middle cerebral artery cortex usually 1 to 2 branches, can be initiated separately or with adjacent branches dry. Except for the small temporal arteries, the other branches had an average diameter of more than 1 mm in the lateral fissures of the brain, with thicker anterior and posterior temporal arteries, 1.51 ± 0.03 mm and 1.46 ± 0.03 mm, respectively. Medial penetrating artery mostly 2 to 3, smaller, the vast majority originated in the middle cerebral artery (96.80 ± 0.64%), a few were derived from the middle cerebral artery bifurcation, upper stem and cortex. Most were initiated at right angles, piercing directly into the front of the body. Outside the majority of perforating arteries is 2 to 3, than the medial arteries thick. The same sample on the blood vessels more consistent, so the thick “Charcot cerebral hemorrhage artery” in this paper has not been confirmed. Peripheral arteries originate in the middle of the trunk and bifurcation of the middle cerebral artery more than half of the surgical treatment of cerebral aneurysm should pay attention to avoid accidental injury. Peripheral arteries are usually acutely angled, retrograde with the trunk, first inwardly upward, then outwardly curved outwardly before reaching the wearer.