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据1990年第四次全国人口普查,全国白族人口有1598 052人,其中分布在云南省的有1 341 508人,在湖南省的有125 597人,在贵州省的有122 166人。湖南、贵州两省的白族共24.7万多人,占全国白族人口的15.5%。这两个省的白族占全国白族人口中的比例之大,举凡研究白族历史、文化、语言等相关问题都不可忽略,而由于过去信息交流不够,有的地方却忽略了。鉴于此,我们认为对这些白族地区进行文化调查、学者之间的交流是很有必要的。于是,我们得到世界少数民族语文研究院的支持,得到大理白族自治州民宗局的帮助,于2004年10至11月间对这两个省的白族语言进行了短期调查。经过调查,我们认为,湘黔两省的白族,如果从他们的族源和民族认定的情况看,他们属于白族的两个支系;这两个白族支系历史上有两种民族语言。现将《湘黔白族语言调查报告》中有关白族及以他们的历史语言情况节录于后。
According to the Fourth National Census in 1990, there were 1,598,052 people in the Bai nationality in the country, including 1,341,508 people in Yunnan Province, 125,597 people in Hunan Province and 122,166 people in Guizhou Province. There are more than 247,000 Bai people in Hunan and Guizhou provinces, accounting for 15.5% of the total population of Bai people in the country. The Bai nationality in these two provinces accounts for the largest proportion of the population in the whole country, and all relevant issues such as the history, culture and language of the Bai people can not be neglected. However, in the past, due to insufficient information exchange in the past, some areas were neglected. In view of this, we think it is necessary to conduct cultural investigations and exchange among scholars in these Bai areas. As a result, we got the support of the World Minority Language Institute and were assisted by the Minzung Bureau of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture. From January to November 2004, we conducted a short-term survey of Bai language in these two provinces. After investigation, we believe that if the Bai nationality in the two provinces of Hunan and Guizhou Provinces belong to the two clans of Bai nationality from the perspective of their ethnic origin and ethnic identity, the two ethnic Bai clans have historically two ethnic languages. Now the “Hunan and Guizhou Bai language survey report” about the Bai and their historical language excerpts later.