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目的了解珠江水域指示菌和常见致病菌的时空分布规律以及相关性。方法分别于2010年7月(丰水期)和2011年3月(枯水期)采集珠江水域上游、中游和下游5个断面的岸边和中心共20个水样,分别对水样中5种卫生指示菌(菌落总数、总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌和肠球菌)和4种常见致病菌(沙门菌、志贺菌、弧菌和大肠杆菌O157∶H7)进行检测和分析。结果珠江水域中除菌落总数和肠球菌外,各项指示微生物指标均呈现下游>中游>上游的规律。水体上、中和下游总大肠菌群(4.20×103～9.49×104cfu/ml)、粪大肠菌群(1.84×103～3.09×104cfu/ml)和大肠埃希菌(6.45×102～1.30×104cfu/ml)均存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。珠江岸边指示菌和致病菌均高于中心,丰水期的指示菌和致病菌均不低于枯水期,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除菌落总数外,总大肠菌(P<0.05)、粪大肠菌群(P<0.01)、大肠埃希菌(P<0.01)和肠球菌(P<0.01)均与致病菌总数呈正相关。结论珠江水域从上游至下游其微生物污染逐渐加重,指示菌与致病菌呈一定的相关性。
Objective To understand the spatiotemporal distribution of indicator bacteria and common pathogens in the Pearl River and their correlation. Methods A total of 20 water samples were collected from the shore and the center of the 5 upstream, middle and downstream sections of the Pearl River waters in July 2010 (wet season) and March 2011 (dry period) respectively. Five kinds of water samples Indicators (total number of colonies, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus) and four common pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio and E. coli O157: H7) were tested And analysis. Results In addition to the total number of colonies and enterococci in the Pearl River waters, the indicator microbial indicators showed the downstream> middle> upstream of the law. Total coliform (4.20 × 103 ~ 9.49 × 104 cfu / ml), fecal coliform (1.84 × 103 ~ 3.09 × 104 cfu / ml) and Escherichia coli (6.45 × 102 ~ 1.30 × 104 cfu / ml) / ml) were statistically significant (P <0.05). Indicators and pathogens in the Pearl River bank were higher than those in the center. Indicator bacteria and pathogenic bacteria in the wet season were all lower than those in the dry season, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). In addition to the total number of colonies, the total coliform (P <0.05), fecal coliform (P <0.01), Escherichia coli (P <0.01) and enterococci (P <0.01) were positively correlated with the total number of pathogens. Conclusion The microbial contamination of Pearl River waters from upstream to downstream gradually aggravates. The indicator bacteria and pathogenic bacteria are related to each other.