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目的了解福建省城乡居民就医行为和应急能力及其影响因素,为有效解决因不合理就医导致的医疗资源浪费现象和因应急能力低下引发的对生命安全的威胁提供对策。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法对福建省城乡居民2041人进行调查。结果城乡居民拥有至少一种医疗保险的占95.6%,在身体感到不舒服时首先选择自行购药的占64.5%,城乡居民应急知识中知道正确拨打120急救电话的只有22.3%,知道怎么做心肺复苏的有18.4%,认识生物安全标识的有3.7%,89.9%的居民没有接受过合理就医的指导;94.3%的居民没有接受过心肺复苏的急救培训。年龄、离家最近的医疗机构为其他对应急能力的影响为负作用,文化程度、职业为专业技术人员、平均月收入在1000元以上、离家最近的医疗机构为社区卫生服务中心(站)和乡镇卫生院(村卫生所)对应急能力的影响为正作用。结论急需动员社会各有关部门利用各种机会对城乡居民进行正确就医和应急知识和技能的强化培训,以提高大众合理就医和应急能力。
Objective To understand the medical treatment and emergency response capacity of urban and rural residents in Fujian Province and its influencing factors and to provide effective measures to effectively solve the problem of medical waste caused by unreasonable medical treatment and threats to human life caused by low emergency capacity. Methods A stratified multi-stage random sampling method was used to investigate 2041 urban and rural residents in Fujian Province. Results 95.6% of urban and rural residents own at least one type of medical insurance, 64.5% of whom choose to buy medicine when their body is uncomfortable. Only 22.3% of urban and rural residents know that dialing 120 emergency numbers correctly and know how to do cardiorespiratory Resuscitation 18.4%, awareness of biosafety 3.7%, 89.9% of the residents did not receive reasonable guidance for medical treatment; 94.3% of residents have not received first aid training of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Age, medical institutions closest to home for the other negative impact on the impact of emergency capacity, education, occupation as a professional and technical personnel, the average monthly income of 1,000 yuan or more, the nearest medical institutions for community health centers (stations) And township hospitals (village clinics) on the impact of emergency capacity is a positive role. Conclusion It is imperative to mobilize the relevant departments of the society to take various opportunities to strengthen the training of urban and rural residents on the proper medical treatment and emergency knowledge and skills so as to enhance the public’s reasonable medical treatment and emergency response capabilities.