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目的探讨武鸣县突发公共卫生事件发生的规律与特征,提出防控应对策略。方法应用描述流行病学方法,对武鸣县2004-2011年发生的突发公共卫生事件进行统计分析。结果 2004-2011年武鸣县共报告突发公共卫生事件24起,以传染病突发事件为主(70.83%),其中又以流感、流腮、水痘、风疹和手足口病最为常见;食物中毒5起,占突发公共卫生事件的20.83%。学校和托幼机构是突发公共卫生事件发生的主要场所,占事件总数的86.96%。学生和幼托儿童是主要发病人群,占总发病数97.48%。事件发生有较明显季节性,呈双峰分布,3～6月及9～12月为事件高发期。结论武鸣县突发公共卫生事件以肠道、呼吸道传染病突发公共卫生事件为主,主要发生在学校和托幼机构。应进一步加强肠道、呼吸道传染病的防控工作,重点放在学校和托幼机构,做好流感、水痘、流腮、风疹等疫苗接种工作,加强手足口病监测与预警,及时处置。
Objective To explore the regularity and characteristics of public health emergencies in Wuming County and to put forward the strategies of prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to conduct a statistical analysis of public health emergencies in Wuming County from 2004 to 2011. Results A total of 24 public health emergencies were reported in Wuming County from 2004 to 2011, with 70.83% of the total number of outbreaks of infectious diseases, among which flu, gills, chickenpox, rubella and hand-foot-mouth disease were most common. Food 5 cases of poisoning, accounting for 20.83% of public health emergencies. Schools and nurseries are the main places where public health emergencies occur, accounting for 86.96% of the total number of incidents. Students and kindergarten children are the main pathogens, accounting for 97.48% of the total. The occurrence of the event is more obvious seasonal, showing a bimodal distribution, 3-6 months and 9-12 months for the high incidence of events. Conclusion Public health emergencies in Wuming County are mainly public health emergencies of intestinal tract and respiratory infectious diseases, mainly occurring in schools and kindergartens. The prevention and control of intestinal and respiratory infectious diseases should be further strengthened. The focus should be on schools and nurseries. Vaccination work should be conducted on flu, chickenpox, gills and rubella. Monitoring and early warning of hand-foot-mouth disease should be stepped up and timely disposal should be carried out.