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将山西霍山每 50 m海拔段作为一个样方调查区 ,作 4个 1 0 0 m2的样方 ,从山麓海拔90 0 m到山顶 2 354m,共作样方 52个 ,将海拔作为一条反映水、热、土壤等环境因子的综合资源轴 ,将群落类型作为反映种群互惠、竞争关系的另一综合资源轴 ,选择该区 1 2种乔木 ,1 5种灌木 ,计测其在 2条轴上的资源选择性系数 ( L)、生态位宽度 ( B)和乔木之间、灌木之间以及乔灌木之间的生态重叠值 ( O)。结果表明 :L值愈小 ,B值愈大 ,物种的资源利用能力愈强 ,生态幅度愈大 ,对某一资源的依赖性愈小 ;反之亦然。比较同一资源轴上的不同的 L值和 B值 ,可反映物种的优势程度和区分能力 ,相同生活型种间的重叠值既可作为反映种间生态学相似性的指标 ,也可作为判断种间有无竞争可能的参考 ,不同生活型种间重叠值的大小则可作为判断种间依存和相似程度的指标。
Taking Huoshan Mountain in Shanxi Province as a quadrat survey area, 4 plots of 100m2 were made. From the foothill elevation of 90 0m to the summit of 2 354m, a total of 52 quadrats were sampled. The elevation was taken as a reflection of water , Heat, soil and other environmental factors, the community type is taken as another comprehensive resource axis to reflect the reciprocity and competition of the population, 12 kinds of trees and 15 kinds of shrubs in this area are selected and measured on two axes (L), niche breadth (B) and ecological overlap (O) between trees, shrubs and shrubs. The results showed that the smaller the L value, the larger the B value, the stronger the resource utilization ability of the species, and the greater the ecological range, the smaller the dependence on a certain resource; and vice versa. Comparison of different L values and B values on the same resource axis can reflect the degree of predominance and differentiation ability of the species. The overlapping values of the same living species can be used as indexes reflecting the similarity between species, Whether there is competition between the possible reference, the size of the overlap between different life forms can be used as indicators to determine the degree of inter-species dependence and similarity.